Gum disease, clinically known as periodontal disease, significantly impacts oral health. It begins with plaque buildup, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth daily. If not removed through regular brushing and flossing, plaque hardens into tartar. Tartar, a calcified substance, adheres tightly to the teeth and irritates the gums. This irritation often leads to inflammation and could even result in tooth loss. Treating gum disease early could help reduce symptoms and improve your overall oral health.
Understanding Gingivitis and Periodontitis
Gum disease progresses through two main stages: gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis, the initial stage, causes gums to become red, swollen, and tender. You may notice bleeding during brushing or flossing. Gingivitis is often reversible with proper oral hygiene practices. However, if left untreated, it progresses to periodontitis.
Periodontitis is a more severe form of periodontal disease. It involves the gums pulling away from the teeth, creating pockets that become infected. The body’s immune response fights the bacteria, but this response, along with bacterial toxins, causes the breakdown of bone and connective tissue that hold teeth in place. Early detection and intervention is crucial to help prevent tooth loss.
The Impact on Oral Health
Gum disease affects oral health in numerous ways. One of the most common symptoms is bad breath, or halitosis. The bacteria in the mouth produce foul-smelling compounds, leading to persistent bad breath. Additionally, gum disease can cause tooth sensitivity. As the gums recede, the tooth roots become exposed. This exposure leads to increased sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures, making eating and drinking uncomfortable. In advanced stages, disease results in tooth loss. The supporting bone and tissue break down, causing teeth to become loose and eventually fall out. This could not only affect your smile but also impacts your ability to chew and speak properly.
Systemic Health Concerns
Periodontal disease does not only affect oral health; it also has systemic implications. Research has linked gum disease to various systemic conditions. The inflammation associated with gum disease may increase the risk of heart disease by contributing to the narrowing of arteries. Additionally, gum disease can make blood sugar control more difficult for individuals with diabetes, leading to more severe diabetic complications. Pregnant women with gum disease are at risk of premature birth and low birth weight. The bacteria from gum disease can enter the bloodstream, potentially affecting other parts of the body and exacerbating existing health conditions.
Preventing Gum Disease
Preventing gum disease requires a commitment to good oral hygiene. Brushing your teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste is essential. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to clean your teeth and gums gently. Flossing daily is crucial to remove plaque and food particles between teeth that your toothbrush cannot reach. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are also essential. Your dentist can clean areas you cannot reach and spot early signs of disease. A balanced diet plays a significant role in preventing gum disease. Limit your intake of sugary snacks and drinks, as sugar promotes plaque formation. Drinking plenty of water helps wash away food particles and keeps your mouth hydrated.
Professional Treatment Options
If you have periodontal disease, seeking professional treatment is crucial. Scaling and root planing is a common non-surgical procedure. It involves removing tartar and bacteria from the tooth surfaces and beneath the gums. Your dentist also smooths the tooth root to help the gums reattach to the teeth. In more severe cases, surgical interventions may be necessary. Flap surgery involves lifting the gums to remove tartar deposits from deep pockets. Bone and tissue grafts could restore lost bone and tissue, providing support for the teeth.
Gum Disease Treatment in Tulsa, OK
At Hope Restorative & Cosmetic Dentistry, we understand how crucial healthy gums are for a beautiful smile. If you experience red, swollen, or bleeding gums, periodontal disease could be the cause. Contact our office today to schedule a consultation and learn more about your treatment options.